Maintenance IV Fluid Calc

Holliday-Segar Formula:

\[ Fluid Rate = (4 \text{ mL/kg/h for first 10kg}) + (2 \text{ mL/kg/h for next 10kg}) + (1 \text{ mL/kg/h thereafter}) \]

Fluid Rate (mL/h):

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1. What is the Holliday-Segar Formula?

The Holliday-Segar formula is a widely used method for calculating maintenance intravenous fluid requirements in pediatric and adult patients. It provides a standardized approach to ensure adequate hydration while avoiding fluid overload.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Holliday-Segar formula:

\[ Fluid Rate = (4 \text{ mL/kg/h for first 10kg}) + (2 \text{ mL/kg/h for next 10kg}) + (1 \text{ mL/kg/h thereafter}) \]

Where:

First 10 kg: 4 mL/kg/hour
Next 10 kg (11-20 kg): 2 mL/kg/hour
Each additional kg (>20 kg): 1 mL/kg/hour

Explanation: The formula accounts for decreasing fluid requirements per kilogram as body weight increases, reflecting the metabolic rate changes with size.

3. Importance of Maintenance Fluid Calculation

Details: Accurate maintenance fluid calculation is essential for preventing dehydration, maintaining electrolyte balance, and supporting organ function in patients who cannot take fluids orally.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter patient weight in kilograms. The calculator will automatically compute the appropriate hourly maintenance fluid rate based on the Holliday-Segar formula.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: When should the Holliday-Segar formula be used?
A: For calculating maintenance IV fluids in stable patients who are NPO (nothing by mouth) and have normal kidney function.

Q2: Are there any contraindications for this formula?
A: Yes, it should not be used in patients with renal failure, heart failure, severe edema, or conditions requiring fluid restriction.

Q3: How does this differ from daily fluid requirements?
A: This calculates hourly rates. Multiply by 24 for daily requirements, or use the "4-2-1" rule: 100 mL/kg/day for first 10kg + 50 mL/kg/day for next 10kg + 20 mL/kg/day thereafter.

Q4: Should electrolytes be added to maintenance fluids?
A: Yes, maintenance fluids typically contain sodium and potassium to replace ongoing losses. Common choices include 0.45% NaCl + 20 mEq/L KCl.

Q5: How should this be adjusted for fever or other conditions?
A: Increase by 10-15% for each degree Celsius of fever above 38°C. Adjust for other ongoing losses (diarrhea, vomiting, drains) as needed.