1. What is Pediatric Maintenance Fluid Calculation?

The Pediatric Maintenance Fluid Calculation uses the Holliday-Segar method to determine appropriate intravenous fluid administration rates for children. This method accounts for metabolic requirements based on body weight.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Holliday-Segar formula:

Where:

• \( Weight \) — Body weight in kilograms
• 4 mL/kg/h — For the first 10 kg
• 2 mL/kg/h — For the next 10 kg (11-20 kg)
• 1 mL/kg/h — For each additional kg above 20 kg

Explanation: The calculation follows the "4-2-1 rule" which approximates daily fluid requirements based on metabolic needs.

3. Importance of Maintenance Fluid Calculation

Details: Accurate fluid calculation is essential for preventing dehydration or fluid overload in pediatric patients, especially during illness, surgery, or when oral intake is insufficient.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the patient's weight in kilograms. The calculator will provide both hourly and daily maintenance fluid rates. Ensure accurate weight measurement for precise calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the Holliday-Segar method?
A: It's a weight-based formula for calculating maintenance fluid requirements in children, developed based on metabolic water production.

Q2: When should maintenance fluids be adjusted?
A: Adjust for fever (add 12% per °C above 38°C), dehydration, renal impairment, cardiac conditions, or electrolyte abnormalities.

Q3: What fluids are typically used for maintenance?
A: Isotonic solutions like 0.9% saline or balanced crystalloids are commonly used, often with dextrose for pediatric patients.

Q4: Are there limitations to this calculation?
A: This is a general guideline and may need adjustment for specific clinical conditions, obesity, or critical illness.

Q5: How does this differ from adult fluid calculations?
A: Pediatric calculations are weight-based and more precise due to children's higher metabolic rates and smaller fluid reserves.