Maintenance Fluid Calculator Peds

Holliday-Segar Formula:

\[ Fluids (mL/hr) = 4 \times kg \text{ for 1-10kg} + 2 \times kg \text{ for 11-20kg} + 1 \times kg \text{ after} \]

Maintenance Fluids:

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1. What is the Maintenance Fluid Calculator?

The Maintenance Fluid Calculator uses the Holliday-Segar method to estimate daily fluid requirements for pediatric patients based on body weight. This calculation helps ensure adequate hydration while preventing fluid overload in children.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Holliday-Segar formula:

\[ Fluids (mL/hr) = 4 \times kg \text{ for 1-10kg} + 2 \times kg \text{ for 11-20kg} + 1 \times kg \text{ after} \]

Where:

\( kg \) — Body weight in kilograms
\( 4 \times kg \) — For first 10 kg of body weight
\( 2 \times kg \) — For next 10 kg (11-20 kg)
\( 1 \times kg \) — For each additional kg above 20 kg

Explanation: The formula accounts for decreasing fluid requirements per kg as body weight increases, reflecting the higher metabolic rate and body surface area to weight ratio in smaller children.

3. Importance of Maintenance Fluid Calculation

Details: Accurate fluid calculation is essential for maintaining electrolyte balance, supporting organ function, and preventing dehydration or fluid overload in pediatric patients, especially during illness or perioperative periods.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the child's weight in kilograms. The calculator will automatically apply the appropriate formula based on the weight range. Ensure accurate weight measurement for precise calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What age range is this calculator appropriate for?
A: The Holliday-Segar method is typically used for children from infancy up to adolescence (approximately 1 month to 18 years).

Q2: When should maintenance fluids be adjusted?
A: Adjustments may be needed for fever, dehydration, renal impairment, cardiac conditions, or specific clinical situations like SIADH or diabetes insipidus.

Q3: Is this calculation for IV or oral fluids?
A: This calculation provides maintenance fluid requirements that can be administered either intravenously or orally, depending on the patient's condition and ability to take oral fluids.

Q4: How does this differ from adult fluid calculations?
A: Pediatric calculations are weight-based and account for higher metabolic needs per kg compared to adults, who typically receive fixed daily amounts.

Q5: What about electrolyte replacement in maintenance fluids?
A: Maintenance fluids should include appropriate electrolytes (sodium, potassium) in addition to the calculated water volume to maintain electrolyte balance.