How To Calculate Velocity After Collision

Inelastic Collision Equation:

\[ v_2 = \frac{m_1 v_1 + m_2 v_2'}{m_1 + m_2} \]

Mass 1 (m1):

Initial Velocity 1 (v1):

m/s

Mass 2 (m2):

Initial Velocity 2 (v2'):

m/s

Final Velocity (v2):

Unit Converter ▲

Unit Converter ▼

From:	To:

1. What Is Inelastic Collision?

An inelastic collision is a collision in which kinetic energy is not conserved, but momentum is conserved. The objects stick together after collision and move with a common final velocity.

2. How Does The Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the inelastic collision equation:

\[ v_2 = \frac{m_1 v_1 + m_2 v_2'}{m_1 + m_2} \]

Where:

\( v_2 \) — Final velocity after collision (m/s)
\( m_1 \) — Mass of first object (kg)
\( v_1 \) — Initial velocity of first object (m/s)
\( m_2 \) — Mass of second object (kg)
\( v_2' \) — Initial velocity of second object (m/s)

Explanation: This equation is derived from the conservation of momentum principle, where the total momentum before collision equals the total momentum after collision.

3. Importance Of Momentum Conservation

Details: Momentum conservation is a fundamental principle in physics that applies to all isolated systems. In inelastic collisions, while kinetic energy is lost (usually converted to heat, sound, or deformation), the total momentum remains constant.

4. Using The Calculator

Tips: Enter all masses in kilograms and velocities in meters per second. Ensure masses are positive values. The calculator will compute the final velocity of the combined mass after collision.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions?
A: In elastic collisions, both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved. In inelastic collisions, only momentum is conserved while kinetic energy is not.

Q2: Can this equation be used for perfectly inelastic collisions?
A: Yes, this equation is specifically designed for perfectly inelastic collisions where objects stick together after impact.

Q3: What happens if the masses are equal?
A: If masses are equal, the final velocity becomes the average of the initial velocities: \( v_2 = \frac{v_1 + v_2'}{2} \).

Q4: Does this work for collisions in two dimensions?
A: No, this equation is for one-dimensional collisions. For two-dimensional collisions, vector components must be considered separately.

Q5: What are real-world examples of inelastic collisions?
A: Car crashes, bullet embedding in wood, two clay balls sticking together, and railway car couplings are common examples of inelastic collisions.