1. What is Gradient?

Gradient, also known as slope, measures the steepness or incline of a line or surface. It represents the ratio of vertical change (rise) to horizontal change (run) between two points.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the gradient formula:

Where:

• \( Rise \) — Vertical distance between two points (meters)
• \( Run \) — Horizontal distance between two points (meters)
• \( Gradient \) — Slope ratio (unitless)

Explanation: The gradient formula calculates how much a surface rises for every unit of horizontal distance traveled.

3. Importance of Gradient Calculation

Details: Gradient calculation is essential in civil engineering, road design, landscaping, architecture, and geography. It helps determine slope stability, drainage patterns, and accessibility requirements.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter rise and run values in meters. Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero. The result is expressed as a unitless ratio.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does a gradient of 1:10 mean?
A: A gradient of 1:10 means for every 10 meters of horizontal distance, the elevation changes by 1 meter vertically.

Q2: How is gradient different from angle?
A: Gradient is a ratio (rise/run), while angle is measured in degrees. They can be converted using trigonometric functions.

Q3: What is considered a steep gradient?
A: Generally, gradients above 1:4 (25%) are considered steep, while gradients below 1:20 (5%) are considered gentle.

Q4: Can gradient be expressed as a percentage?
A: Yes, gradient percentage = (rise/run) × 100%. For example, a gradient of 0.05 equals 5% slope.

Q5: Where is gradient calculation used in real life?
A: Road construction, wheelchair ramp design, roof pitch calculation, hiking trail grading, and drainage system design.