1. What is Conductivity to Resistivity Conversion?

The conductivity to resistivity conversion calculates the electrical resistivity of water from its conductivity measurement. This is a fundamental relationship in electrochemistry and water quality analysis, where resistivity represents the material's opposition to electric current flow.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the simple inverse relationship:

Where:

• \( \rho \) — Electrical resistivity (Ω·m)
• \( \kappa \) — Electrical conductivity (S/m)

Explanation: This fundamental relationship shows that materials with high conductivity have low resistivity, and vice versa. For water, this conversion is essential for assessing water purity and quality.

3. Importance of Resistivity Calculation

Details: Resistivity measurement is crucial for determining water purity, especially in applications like pharmaceutical manufacturing, semiconductor production, and laboratory water systems where high-purity water is required.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter conductivity value in Siemens per meter (S/m). The value must be greater than zero. The calculator will automatically compute the corresponding resistivity in Ohm-meters (Ω·m).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the relationship between conductivity and resistivity?
A: Conductivity and resistivity are inversely related. Resistivity measures how strongly a material opposes electric current, while conductivity measures how easily it conducts electricity.

Q2: What are typical resistivity values for different water types?
A: Distilled water: ~18 MΩ·cm, Deionized water: 1-18 MΩ·cm, Tap water: 1000-5000 Ω·cm, Sea water: ~20 Ω·cm.

Q3: Why is water resistivity important?
A: Resistivity indicates water purity. Higher resistivity means fewer dissolved ions and higher purity, which is critical for many industrial and scientific applications.

Q4: How does temperature affect conductivity and resistivity?
A: Both conductivity and resistivity are temperature-dependent. Typically, conductivity increases with temperature while resistivity decreases. Measurements are often standardized to 25°C.

Q5: What units are commonly used for water resistivity?
A: While SI units are Ω·m, water quality applications often use Ω·cm or MΩ·cm (1 MΩ·cm = 10,000 Ω·m).