Maintenance Intravenous Fluids MIVF Calculator

Holliday-Segar Formula:

\[ Rate = 100 \times \min(Weight, 10) + 50 \times \max(0, \min(Weight - 10, 10)) + 20 \times \max(0, Weight - 20) \]

Rate (mL/day):

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1. What is Maintenance Intravenous Fluids (MIVF)?

Maintenance Intravenous Fluids (MIVF) are calculated to provide the appropriate daily fluid requirements for patients who cannot take fluids orally. The Holliday-Segar method is commonly used for pediatric patients to estimate daily maintenance fluid needs.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Holliday-Segar formula:

\[ Rate = 100 \times \min(Weight, 10) + 50 \times \max(0, \min(Weight - 10, 10)) + 20 \times \max(0, Weight - 20) \]

Where:

\( Weight \) — Patient weight in kilograms (kg)
\( 100 \) — mL/kg/day for first 10 kg
\( 50 \) — mL/kg/day for next 10 kg (11-20 kg)
\( 20 \) — mL/kg/day for remaining weight (>20 kg)

Explanation: The formula calculates maintenance fluid requirements based on weight categories, with higher fluid requirements per kg for smaller patients.

3. Importance of MIVF Calculation

Details: Accurate maintenance fluid calculation is essential for preventing dehydration while avoiding fluid overload, especially in pediatric patients and those with compromised cardiac or renal function.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter patient weight in kilograms. The calculator will automatically compute the daily maintenance fluid requirement using the Holliday-Segar method.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the Holliday-Segar method?
A: It's a weight-based formula for calculating daily maintenance fluid requirements: 100 mL/kg for first 10 kg, 50 mL/kg for next 10 kg, and 20 mL/kg for remaining weight.

Q2: When should maintenance fluids be used?
A: For patients who are NPO (nothing by mouth), dehydrated, or unable to meet fluid requirements orally due to medical conditions or procedures.

Q3: Are there any contraindications?
A: Yes, in patients with heart failure, renal failure, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), or other conditions requiring fluid restriction.

Q4: How should the rate be administered?
A: The calculated daily amount is typically divided over 24 hours. For critical care, hourly rates may be used with appropriate monitoring.

Q5: What about electrolyte replacement?
A: Maintenance fluids should include appropriate electrolytes (sodium, potassium) based on patient needs and ongoing losses.