1. What is the Holliday-Segar Method?

The Holliday-Segar method is a widely used formula for calculating maintenance fluid requirements in pediatric patients. It provides an estimate of daily fluid needs based on body weight, with different rates for different weight ranges.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Holliday-Segar formula:

Where:

• First 10 kg: 4 mL/kg/hour
• Next 10 kg (11-20 kg): 2 mL/kg/hour
• Over 20 kg: 1 mL/kg/hour

Explanation: This method accounts for the decreasing fluid requirements per kilogram as body weight increases, reflecting the changing body composition and metabolic needs in growing children.

3. Importance of Pediatric Fluid Calculation

Details: Accurate fluid calculation is crucial in pediatric patients to prevent both dehydration and fluid overload. Children have higher fluid requirements per body weight compared to adults and are more susceptible to fluid and electrolyte imbalances.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the patient's weight in kilograms. The calculator will automatically apply the appropriate formula based on the weight range. Ensure accurate weight measurement for precise fluid calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: When is the Holliday-Segar method used?
A: It's primarily used for calculating maintenance fluid requirements in stable pediatric patients who are NPO (nothing by mouth) or have restricted oral intake.

Q2: Are there any limitations to this method?
A: Yes, this method may need adjustment in patients with renal, cardiac, or hepatic dysfunction, febrile illness, or significant fluid losses (diarrhea, vomiting).

Q3: How does this differ from adult fluid calculations?
A: Pediatric calculations are weight-based and use different rates for different weight ranges, while adult calculations often use fixed daily amounts (e.g., 1500-2000 mL/day).

Q4: What about electrolyte replacement?
A: Maintenance fluids typically contain electrolytes (sodium, potassium) in addition to water. The specific composition depends on the clinical situation and institutional protocols.

Q5: When should fluid calculations be reassessed?
A: Fluid requirements should be reassessed regularly based on clinical status, vital signs, urine output, and laboratory values, especially in acutely ill patients.