1. What Is PH?

PH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution, defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. It ranges from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

2. How Does The PH Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the pH formula:

Where:

• \( pH \) — pH value (unitless)
• \( [H⁺] \) — Hydrogen ion concentration (mol/L)
• \( \log \) — Base-10 logarithm

Explanation: The formula calculates the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration to determine the acidity or basicity of a solution.

3. Importance Of PH Calculation

Details: PH calculation is essential in chemistry, biology, environmental science, and many industrial processes. It helps determine the chemical properties of solutions and is crucial for maintaining proper conditions in biological systems and industrial applications.

4. Using The Calculator

Tips: Enter hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L. The value must be greater than 0. The calculator will compute the corresponding pH value.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the range of pH values?
A: pH values range from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Values below 7 are acidic, and values above 7 are basic.

Q2: How do I convert pH back to hydrogen ion concentration?
A: Use the formula [H⁺] = 10^(-pH) to convert pH back to hydrogen ion concentration.

Q3: What are typical pH values for common substances?
A: Lemon juice (2-3), vinegar (3), pure water (7), seawater (8), baking soda (9), ammonia (11-12).

Q4: Why is pH important in biological systems?
A: pH affects enzyme activity, protein structure, and many biochemical reactions. Most biological systems function within a narrow pH range.

Q5: Can pH be negative or greater than 14?
A: Yes, for very concentrated strong acids, pH can be negative, and for very concentrated strong bases, pH can exceed 14, though these are extreme cases.